Which chromographic agent is used to identify areas of intestinal metaplasia?

Lugol's solution is considered an effective chromographic agent for identifying areas of intestinal metaplasia, particularly in the context of gastrointestinal examinations. This iodine-based solution helps to highlight areas of abnormal tissue in the gastrointestinal tract during endoscopic procedures.

When applied, Lugol's solution stains the normal squamous epithelium a dark brown color, while metaplastic or dysplastic tissues, such as intestinal-type mucosa, do not absorb the stain as effectively, making them visually distinguishable from the surrounding healthy tissue. This contrast aids in the identification and assessment of potential lesions or areas of concern during diagnostic endoscopy, particularly in the esophagus and stomach.

The use of Lugol's solution in clinical practice helps in the early detection of conditions that might lead to malignancy, such as Barrett's esophagus, where intestinal metaplasia is often present. The ability to differentiate between types of tissue enhances the accuracy of diagnoses and informs subsequent management decisions.