What is a relative contraindication for colonoscopy?

A relative contraindication for colonoscopy indicates a situation where the procedure may still be performed, but there are increased risks that must be considered and managed. Large bowel obstruction falls into this category because it poses significant risks during a colonoscopy, such as perforation or worsening of the obstruction. During the procedure, instruments can inadvertently exacerbate the obstruction, leading to serious complications.

In contrast, chronic constipation may not prevent a colonoscopy from being performed, though it may affect bowel preparation and the quality of the examination. Diabetes mellitus is generally manageable, and many diabetic patients undergo colonoscopies safely with appropriate perioperative care. Hyperlipidemia is a metabolic condition that typically does not complicate the colonoscopy procedure itself. Thus, large bowel obstruction truly represents a situation where caution must be exercised, making it a relative contraindication.